![statistical artifact meaning statistical artifact meaning](https://study.com/cimages/videopreview/videopreview-full/screen_shot_2016-01-03_at_8.27.26_pm_126846.jpg)
In their previous study (6), the authors demonstrated that BP distributions in the aforementioned three subgroups were very distinct to one another. Second, the authors should have tested the association between decision authority and SBP separately in normotensives and unmedicated hypertensives as well as medicated hypertensives. Furthermore, the job strain hypothesis of the DCM was not also tested in the study. The association between decision authority and SBP may differ by race/color or SES (education, income, or occupational class) (4,5).
#Statistical artifact meaning professional#
In addition, there is a possibility of effect modification by race/color, schooling, or occupational class of their study participants (faculty and professional staff, technical and clerical workers, and unskilled workers) (2). Although the authors discussed these changes as a confounding effect of SES, it does not explain why the direction of the association was different between non-users and users of anti-hypertensives in model 3. However, only when race/color, schooling and mother’s schooling were additionally included in their analysis (model 3), the direction of the association between decision authority and SBP changed from negative to positive among non-users of anti-hypertensives, while it substantially attenuated but remained negative among users of anti-hypertensives. As expected, high decision authority was initially negatively associated with SBP among both users and non-users of anti-hypertensives (model 1, table 3) and also after controlling for gender, age, and recruitment site (model 2).
![statistical artifact meaning statistical artifact meaning](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/directobject-100921174112-phpapp02/95/direct-objects-2-728.jpg)
Instead, we have found serious weaknesses in their analyses and interpretations, which undermine their finding and claim.įirst, the authors should have tested effect modification by race/color or socioeconomic status (SES) in their analysis.
![statistical artifact meaning statistical artifact meaning](https://image.slideserve.com/561466/metaphor-and-simile-l.jpg)
However, we could not find any convincing structure- and context-based explanation of the authors for the positive association between decision authority and SBP, for example, one grounded in their in-depth understanding of detailed working conditions and contexts of the Brazilian workers at higher education institutes during 2008–2010. We agree with the authors that, in principle, the associations between psychosocial working conditions and health outcomes should be examined and interpreted with a socioecological perspective with consideration of societal and organizational structures and contexts (3). And they claimed that (in the contemporary world of work), “the health benefits of increasing decision authority may not be as evident as in the historical context where the DCM was developed, which was characteristically one of industrialization and repetitive tasks.” The authors reported a marginal, but positive cross-sectional association between job decision authority and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (0.59 mmHg, 95% CI 0.00–1.18) among non-users of anti-hypertensives from five universities and one research institute (2). We read with great interest the paper by Juvanhol et al (1) on the association between demand‒control model (DCM) components and blood pressure (BP) using the baseline data of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).